About UP
Uttar Pradesh, situated in northern India, is a state renowned for its diversity, cultural richness, and historical significance. It is the most populous state in India, with over 200 million residents, and spans from the fertile Gangetic Plains to the Vindhya Hills. Major rivers like the Ganges and Yamuna flow through the region, supporting agriculture, which is the backbone of its economy. The state has a deep historical legacy, from being home to ancient cities like Varanasi and Ayodhya to witnessing the grandeur of the Mughal Empire, as seen in iconic landmarks like the Taj Mahal. Uttar Pradesh has also been central to India's independence movement, contributing leaders such as Jawaharlal Nehru.
Culturally, the state is a treasure trove, with festivals like Holi and Kumbh Mela showcasing its vibrant traditions. It is the birthplace of Kathak dance and boasts a cuisine celebrated for its flavors, including dishes like kebabs and chaat. While the state faces challenges like poverty and healthcare gaps, efforts in education, infrastructure, and digital progress are fostering development. Tourist attractions such as the Varanasi Ghats and Fatehpur Sikri draw millions each year. Uttar Pradesh remains a dynamic blend of history, spirituality, and modernity.
History of UP
Uttar Pradesh, a state rich in history and culture, occupies a unique place in India’s past, shaped by its ancient civilizations, historical milestones, and eventual formation. The region now known as Uttar Pradesh has been the cradle of Indian civilization since the dawn of recorded history. The fertile plains of the Ganges, Yamuna, and other rivers have been home to human settlements for thousands of years, with cities like Varanasi believed to be among the oldest continually inhabited places on Earth. The area featured prominently in ancient Indian scriptures, including the Vedas, and was the backdrop for much of the Ramayana and Mahabharata, two great epics of Indian mythology.
In ancient times, Uttar Pradesh was known by different names, reflecting the eras and civilizations that flourished there. During the Vedic period, the region formed part of the Madhyadesha, or the central land. Later, under the Maurya and Gupta Empires, it became a critical political and cultural hub. The city of Prayagraj (formerly Allahabad) served as an important center of governance and religion. In subsequent centuries, this region came to be referred to as Aryavarta, symbolizing the land of the Aryans. During the medieval period, the influence of Islamic rulers gave the region an entirely different character, and it became known as the Subah of Agra or Awadh under the Mughal Empire. These names signified its importance as a center of power and administration during different historical phases.
The historical narrative of Uttar Pradesh underwent a transformation with the arrival of British rule in India. The British reorganized the region into the United Provinces of Agra and Oudh in 1902, combining the areas formerly known as the North-Western Provinces and Oudh. This administrative structure remained in place until India gained independence in 1947. The contribution of Uttar Pradesh to the Indian freedom movement was remarkable. The state became a hotbed for political activity, with cities like Lucknow, Kanpur, and Meerut witnessing key moments in the struggle against colonial rule. Leaders like Jawaharlal Nehru and Lal Bahadur Shastri hailed from this region, further cementing its significance in the nation’s history.
Following independence, the United Provinces underwent a transformation, with its name changed to Uttar Pradesh in 1950. This change was part of a broader effort to establish a distinct identity for the region within a newly independent India. The name Uttar Pradesh translates to "Northern Province," reflecting its geographical position within the country. The state’s boundaries were later adjusted in 2000, when its mountainous regions were carved out to form the new state of Uttarakhand.
Today, Uttar Pradesh stands as a testament to the layers of history and culture that have unfolded over millennia. The state’s ancient heritage is preserved in its countless monuments, archaeological sites, and cultural traditions. Its cities, from Varanasi to Agra, are repositories of stories that span from mythological epochs to the modern era. Each phase of history, from the Vedic period to Mughal rule and the British era, has left an indelible mark, shaping Uttar Pradesh into a unique and multifaceted region that continues to play a central role in India’s development.
List of Prime Ministers from UP
| Name | Party | Tenure | Birthplace | Date of Birth - Date of Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jawaharlal Nehru | Indian National Congress | 15 August 1947 – 27 May 1964 | Allahabad (now Prayagraj), Uttar Pradesh | 14 November 1889 – 27 May 1964 |
| Lal Bahadur Shastri | Indian National Congress | 9 June 1964 – 11 January 1966 | Mughalsarai (now Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Nagar), Uttar Pradesh | 2 October 1904 – 11 January 1966 |
| Indira Gandhi | Indian National Congress | 24 January 1966 – 24 March 1977, 14 January 1980 – 31 October 1984 | Allahabad (now Prayagraj), Uttar Pradesh | 19 November 1917 – 31 October 1984 |
| Chaudhary Charan Singh | Janata Party | 28 July 1979 – 14 January 1980 | Noorpur, Hapur, Uttar Pradesh | 23 December 1902 – 29 May 1987 |
| Vishwanath Pratap Singh | Janata Dal | 2 December 1989 – 10 November 1990 | Allahabad (now Prayagraj), Uttar Pradesh | 25 June 1931 – 27 November 2008 |
| Chandra Shekhar | Samajwadi Janata Party | 10 November 1990 – 21 June 1991 | Ibrahimpatti, Ballia, Uttar Pradesh | 1 July 1927 – 8 July 2007 |
| Atal Bihari Vajpayee | Bharatiya Janata Party | 16 May 1996 – 1 June 1996, 19 March 1998 – 22 May 2004 | Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh (contested from Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh) | 25 December 1924 – 16 August 2018 |
Chief Ministers of UP
| Name | Party | Tenure | Birthplace | Date of Birth - Date of Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Govind Ballabh Pant | Indian National Congress | 26 January 1950 – 20 May 1952 | Almora, Uttarakhand | 10 September 1887 – 7 March 1961 |
| Sucheta Kripalani | Indian National Congress | 2 October 1963 – 13 March 1967 | Ambala, Haryana | 25 June 1908 – 1 December 1974 |
| Charan Singh | Bharatiya Kranti Dal | 3 April 1967 – 25 February 1968 | Noorpur, Uttar Pradesh | 23 December 1902 – 29 May 1987 |
| Mulayam Singh Yadav | Samajwadi Party | 5 December 1989 – 24 June 1991 | Saifai, Uttar Pradesh | 22 November 1939 – 10 October 2022 |
| Mayawati | Bahujan Samaj Party | 3 June 1995 – 18 October 1995 | Delhi | 15 January 1956 – Present |
| Yogi Adityanath | Bharatiya Janata Party | 19 March 2017 – Present | Panchur, Uttarakhand | 5 June 1972 – Present |
Who's Who (Political - Current Government- Cabiner Ministers)
Key figures include Yogi Adityanath (Chief Minister) and several ministers overseeing critical portfolios.
Yogi Adityanath, the 21st Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh, has been a transformative leader since assuming office in 2017. Known for his decisive governance, he has focused on improving law and order, infrastructure, and economic growth. His tenure has seen Uttar Pradesh emerge as a significant contributor to India's GDP, with initiatives aimed at poverty alleviation and employment generation. His leadership style, often described as firm and result-oriented, has earned him widespread recognition.
Before becoming Chief Minister, Yogi Adityanath served as a Member of Parliament for nearly two decades, representing Gorakhpur. His political career is marked by his commitment to public welfare and his ability to connect with grassroots issues. As the head priest of the Gorakhnath Math, he has also played a vital role in promoting cultural and spiritual values.
Looking ahead, his vision for Uttar Pradesh includes making it a hub for investment and innovation. Plans for smart cities, enhanced public services, and sustainable development are central to his agenda. By merging heritage with modernity, he aims to position Uttar Pradesh as a model state in India.
| Name | Position | Portfolio |
|---|---|---|
| Yogi Adityanath | Chief Minister | Home Affairs, Appointment & Personnel, General Administration, Cabinet Affairs, Information & Public Relations, Housing, Revenue, Mining & Geology, Institutional Finance, Planning, Programme Implementation, Relief & Rehabilitation, Protocol, Sainik Welfare, Civil Aviation, Law, Food Security & Drug Administration |
| Keshav Prasad Maurya | Deputy Chief Minister | Rural Development, Food Processing, Entertainment Tax |
| Brajesh Pathak | Deputy Chief Minister | Health & Family Welfare, Medical Education, Maternity & Child Welfare |
| Suresh Khanna | Cabinet Minister | Finance, Parliamentary Affairs |
| Surya Pratap Shahi | Cabinet Minister | Agriculture, Agricultural Education & Research |
| Swatantra Dev Singh | Cabinet Minister | Jal Shakti, Disaster Management |
| Baby Rani Maurya | Cabinet Minister | Women Development, Child Development & Nutrition |
| Laxmi Narayan Chaudhary | Cabinet Minister | Sugarcane Development, Sugar Mills |
| Jaiveer Singh | Cabinet Minister | Tourism, Culture |
| Dharampal Singh | Cabinet Minister | Animal Husbandry & Dairying, Political Pension, Minority Welfare, Haj & Wakf |
| Nand Gopal Gupta | Cabinet Minister | Industrial Development, Export Promotion, NRI & Investment Promotion |
| Anil Rajbhar | Cabinet Minister | Labour and Employment, Coordination |
| Rakesh Sachan | Cabinet Minister | Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises, Khadi and Village Industries, Sericulture, Handloom and Textiles |
| Arvind Kumar Sharma | Cabinet Minister | Urban Development, Urban Employment and Poverty Alleviation, Energy |
| Yogendra Upadhyay | Cabinet Minister | Higher Education |
| Ashish Patel | Cabinet Minister | Technical Education, Consumer Protection, Weights and Measures |
| Sanjay Nishad | Cabinet Minister | Fisheries |
| Om Prakash Rajbhar | Cabinet Minister | Panchayati Raj, Minority Welfare, Muslim Waqf and Haj |
| Dara Singh Chauhan | Cabinet Minister | Jail |
| Sunil Kumar Sharma | Cabinet Minister | Electronics and Information Technology |
| Anil Kumar | Cabinet Minister | Science and Technology |
Who's Who (Administration)
Key administrators include the Chief Secretary and District Magistrates for all 75 districts.
Check out this information at Separate Page: Contact List of U.P. Key OfficialsDemography of UP
Uttar Pradesh (UP), India's most populous state, is a dynamic amalgamation of diverse demographics. With a population surpassing 200 million, it is home to about 16% of the nation's population. The gender ratio in UP is approximately 912 females per 1,000 males, highlighting a gap in gender equality. Literacy rates vary significantly, with the average at about 70%, divided into 79% male literacy and 59% female literacy, indicating room for educational advancements. Predominantly rural, around 77% of the populace resides in villages, while urban centers like Lucknow, Kanpur, and Varanasi are witnessing growth due to migration and industrialization. UP boasts a rich cultural tapestry, with Hinduism being the major religion, followed by Islam, and a minor percentage adhering to other faiths. The state has a youthful demographic profile, with a significant portion under the age of 35, signaling potential for a robust workforce. Additionally, regional languages such as Hindi, Urdu, and Awadhi are widely spoken, reflecting cultural diversity. However, challenges like unemployment, poverty, and healthcare access persist, posing barriers to holistic development. As the heartland of India, UP’s demography presents unique opportunities and challenges for policymakers aiming to harness its potential and address its disparities.
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| Population | 200 million+ |
| Gender Ratio | 912 females per 1,000 males |
| Literacy Rate | 70% (Male: 79%, Female: 59%) |
| Rural Population | 77% |
| Urban Population | 23% |
| Major Religions | Hinduism, Islam |
| Youth Population | Significant portion under 35 years |
| Languages | Hindi, Urdu, Awadhi |
Running Schemes of UP
| Scheme Name | Benefit | Concerned Department | Website Link |
|---|---|---|---|
| UP Kisan Rin Mochan Yojana | Loan waiver for farmers | Agriculture Department | Visit Website |
| UP Widow Pension Scheme | Financial assistance for widows | Social Welfare Department | Visit Website |
| UP Divyang Pension Scheme | Financial support for disabled individuals | Social Welfare Department | Visit Website |
| Swami Vivekananda Youth Empowerment Scheme | Free laptops, tablets, and smartphones for students | Education Department | Visit Website |
| UP Shadi Anudan Yojana | Financial aid for marriage of daughters in poor families | Social Welfare Department | Visit Website |
| One District One Product Scheme | Promotes local crafts and products | MSME Department | Visit Website |
| UP Mukhyamantri Kisan Evam Sarvahit Bima Yojana | Health insurance for farmers | Agriculture Department | Visit Website |
| UP Scholarship Scheme | Scholarships for students | Education Department | Visit Website |
| Chief Minister Kanya Sumangala Yojana | Financial support for girl child education and welfare | Women and Child Development Department | Visit Website |
| UP Old Age Pension Scheme | Monthly pension for senior citizens | Social Welfare Department | Visit Website |
| UP Mukhyamantri Abhyudaya Yojana | Free coaching for competitive exams | Education Department | Visit Website |
| UP Mukhyamantri Krishak Durghatna Kalyan Yojana | Compensation for farmers in case of accidents | Agriculture Department | Visit Website |
| UP Mahila Samarthya Yojana | Empowerment and skill development for women | Women and Child Development Department | Visit Website |
| UP Mukhyamantri Bal Seva Yojana | Support for children orphaned during COVID-19 | Women and Child Development Department | Visit Website |
| UP Mukhyamantri Jan Arogya Yojana | Health insurance for economically weaker sections | Health Department | Visit Website |
| UP Free Gas Cylinder Scheme | Free LPG cylinders for eligible households | Food and Civil Supplies Department | Visit Website |
| UP Rani Laxmi Bai Mahila Samman Kosh | Financial assistance for women in distress | Women and Child Development Department | Visit Website |
| UP National Family Benefit Scheme | One-time financial assistance for families in case of the death of the breadwinner | Social Welfare Department | Visit Website |
| UP Free School Bag and Uniform Scheme | Free school bags, uniforms, and textbooks for students from economically weaker sections | Education Department | Visit Website |
| UP Pandit Deendayal Gramodyog Rozgar Yojana | Employment generation in rural areas through small-scale industries | Khadi and Village Industries Board | Visit Website |
| UP Free Coaching Scheme | Free coaching for students preparing for competitive exams | Social Welfare Department | Visit Website |
| UP Mukhyamantri Gramin Awas Yojana | Housing for rural poor | Rural Development Department | Visit Website |
| UP Free Electricity Scheme | Free electricity for farmers and low-income households | Energy Department | Visit Website |
| UP Skill Development Mission | Skill training and employment opportunities for youth | Skill Development Department | Visit Website |
These are the few schemes of UP Govt. which are enlisted here, please do not rely on this information, do visit on the official website of the related scheme and for more updates visit on the State Portal of U.P. Government. This may be the old information which might not be useful for you, but i tried hard to compile UP Govt. schemes all in one place for my readers.
Investment Opportunities in UP
UP is a growing hub for investment in infrastructure, agriculture, and technology.
| Sector | Opportunities | Key Highlights |
|---|---|---|
| Infrastructure | Development of expressways, airports, and smart cities | Largest expressway network, 5 international airports |
| Manufacturing | Electronics, textiles, and defense production | Ranked among top 5 manufacturing destinations in India |
| Agriculture | Food processing and agri-tech investments | Leading producer of food grains and sugarcane |
| Tourism | Heritage, religious, and eco-tourism projects | Home to Taj Mahal and Varanasi |
| Renewable Energy | Solar and bio-energy projects | 600 MW solar park in Jhansi |
| Healthcare | Medical device parks and healthcare infrastructure | Highest number of medical device clusters in India |
| MSMEs | Support for small and medium enterprises | Highest number of MSMEs in India |
| IT & Electronics | IT parks and data centers | 196 ESDM companies operating in the state |
Why Choose Uttar Pradesh (UP)?
The state offers a strategic location, rich resources, and a skilled workforce.
| Reason | Details |
|---|---|
| Strategic Location | Located in the heart of India, UP offers excellent connectivity through road, rail, and air networks. |
| Large Consumer Base | With a population of over 200 million, UP provides a vast market for goods and services. |
| Industrial Growth | Home to industrial hubs like Noida, Kanpur, and Lucknow, with a focus on manufacturing and IT. |
| Investment-Friendly Policies | Offers incentives like tax exemptions, subsidies, and single-window clearances for businesses. |
| Skilled Workforce | Abundant availability of skilled and semi-skilled labor due to a large youth population. |
| Tourism Potential | Rich cultural heritage with attractions like the Taj Mahal, Varanasi, and Ayodhya. |
| Renewable Energy | Focus on solar and bio-energy projects, with significant government support. |
| Ease of Doing Business | Ranked among the top states in India for ease of doing business reforms. |
Key Highlights
- Population: 200+ million (largest in India)
- Airports: 5 international airports
- Expressways: Largest network in India
- Tourism: 3 UNESCO World Heritage Sites
- MSMEs: Highest number in India
Financial Overview of UP
| Parameter | Details |
|---|---|
| Gross State Domestic Product (GSDP) | ₹24.99 lakh crore (2024-25 estimate) |
| GSDP Growth Rate | 5.8% (2024-25 estimate) |
| Revenue Receipts | ₹6.10 lakh crore (2024-25 estimate) |
| Expenditure | ₹6.96 lakh crore (2024-25 estimate) |
| Revenue Surplus | ₹74,147 crore (3% of GSDP) |
| Fiscal Deficit | ₹86,531 crore (3.46% of GSDP) |
| Per Capita GSDP | ₹96,193 (2022-23) |
| Major Sectors Contribution | Agriculture: 24%, Manufacturing: 30%, Services: 46% |
| Exports | ₹1.73 lakh crore (2022-23) |
| Debt Repayment | ₹39,806 crore (2024-25 estimate) |
Note: The information provided above has been compiled from various sources for general reference purposes. Please do not rely solely on this website for making decisions. It is always advisable to cross-check and verify details from the official Uttar Pradesh government websites or trusted official sources.
Positive Stories of UP
Stories of entrepreneurs, women empowerment, and local successes make UP a dynamic state.
| Category | Story | Source Link |
|---|---|---|
| Entrepreneurs | Empowering SC/ST entrepreneurs in Uttar Pradesh through initiatives like DICCI (Dalit Indian Chamber of Commerce and Industry), which supports over 2 lakh SC/ST entrepreneurs in the state. | Read More |
| Women Empowerment | Women entrepreneurs in Raebareli joining business associations to strengthen their presence in the market and gain recognition for their contributions. | Read More |
| Women Empowerment | Government initiatives like Mission Shakti and Mukhyamantri Kanya Sumangla Yojana promoting security, dignity, and empowerment of women in Uttar Pradesh. | Read More |
| Local Success | Uttar Pradesh's MSME sector emerging as a driving force with initiatives like the One District One Product (ODOP) scheme, promoting unique local products. | Read More |
| Local Success | Global Investors Summit 2023 brought investment proposals worth ₹32.5 lakh crore, boosting industrial growth and creating employment opportunities. | Read More |
UP Culture and Important Festivals
UP is known for its vibrant festivals like Holi, Diwali, and Eid, along with its rich traditions and arts.
Uttar Pradesh (UP) is a vibrant tapestry of India's cultural heritage, blending ancient traditions with modern influences. As the birthplace of legends like Lord Rama, Lord Krishna, and the Buddha, the state holds immense historical and spiritual significance. Its cultural richness is expressed through classical music, dance forms like Kathak, literature, and folklore. Cities like Varanasi, Allahabad (Prayagraj), and Ayodhya are spiritual hubs, attracting pilgrims from across the globe.
Festivals in UP showcase its unity in diversity. Diwali, the festival of lights, is celebrated with grandeur, especially in Ayodhya, where the city is illuminated with millions of lamps. Holi, the festival of colors, takes on a unique charm in Mathura and Vrindavan, associated with Lord Krishna's playful tales. The Kumbh Mela, held every 12 years in Prayagraj, is the world's largest congregation of pilgrims. Other notable festivals include Eid, Navratri, Raksha Bandhan, and Chhath Puja, each showcasing the state's inclusivity and cultural unity.
Uttar Pradesh's cultural diversity and festival spirit make it a dynamic state, reflecting India's true essence.
Important Contact Numbers
| Department | Contact Number | Useful For |
|---|---|---|
| Police | 112 | Emergency services |
| Fire | 101 | Fire emergencies |
| Ambulance | 108 / 102 | Medical emergencies |
| Women Helpline | 1090 | Support for women in distress |
| Child Helpline | 1098 | Assistance for children |
| Chief Minister Helpline | 1076 | Grievance redressal |
| COVID-19 Helpline | 18001805145 | COVID-19 related queries |
| Electricity Helpline | 18001805025 | Power supply issues |
| Tourism Helpline | 0522-2304870 | Tourism-related information |
| Water Supply Helpline | 18003456783 | Water supply issues |
Important Websites
| Department | Website |
|---|---|
| State Portal of Uttar Pradesh |
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| Uttar Pradesh Police |
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| Uttar Pradesh Power Corporation Limited (UPPCL) |
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| Uttar Pradesh Skill Development Mission (UPSDM) |
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| Uttar Pradesh Jal Nigam |
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| Uttar Pradesh Housing and Development Board |
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| Uttar Pradesh Tourism |
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| Uttar Pradesh Transport Department |
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| Uttar Pradesh Basic Education Board |
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| Uttar Pradesh Public Service Commission (UPPSC) |
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| Uttar Pradesh Employment Department |
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| Uttar Pradesh Health and Family Welfare |
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| Uttar Pradesh Revenue Department |
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| Uttar Pradesh Agriculture Department |
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| Uttar Pradesh Social Welfare Department |
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